Protocols & Profiles

Matter

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An open smart home standard that can run over BLE (for commissioning), Thread, and Wi-Fi, backed by Apple, Google, and Amazon.

    


    
    
    

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Matter


Thread/Wi-Fi." data-category="Protocols & Profiles">Matter is an open-source smart home connectivity standard developed by the Connectivity Standards Alliance (CSA), with backing from Apple, Google, Amazon, Samsung, and over 550 other companies. BLE plays a specific but critical role in Matter: it serves as the commissioning (setup) transport for adding new devices to a Matter network.


BLE in Matter


When a user sets up a new Matter device (light bulb, thermostat, door lock), the initial device discovery and commissioning happens over Bluetooth Low Energy. The sequence works as follows:


    

  1. The Matter device advertises its presence using BLE with a specific GATT Service (Matter BLE Service ATT">UUID)
    2. 

  2. The commissioner (phone app) scans for Matter advertisements
    3. 

  3. The user scans a QR code or enters a setup code for authentication
    4. 

  4. The commissioner establishes a PASE (Password Authenticated Session Establishment) session over BLE
    5. 

  5. Network credentials (Wi-Fi SSID/password or Thread network key) are provisioned over the BLE link
    6. 

  6. The device joins the operational network (Wi-Fi or Thread) and the BLE connection is closed
    7. 



Operational Protocols


After commissioning, Matter devices communicate over Wi-Fi or Thread -- not BLE. The Matter application protocol runs on IPv6 using UDP, with mDNS for discovery. This means BLE is used only during the initial setup phase, keeping the ongoing power consumption independent of BLE.


Matter vs Bluetooth Mesh


Matter and Bluetooth Mesh serve different roles in the smart home:






Aspect
Matter
Bluetooth Mesh






Transport
Wi-Fi, Thread (IPv6)
BLE advertising




BLE role
Commissioning only
Primary transport




IP support
Native IPv6
No




Ecosystem support
Apple, Google, Amazon
Lighting industry




Use case focus
Full smart home
Lighting, building automation






Hardware Implications


For product developers, a Matter device needs a BLE radio for commissioning plus a Wi-Fi or Thread radio for operation. Multi-protocol SoCs like the nRF5340 (with Thread) or ESP32-C6 (with Wi-Fi + Thread + BLE) are popular choices. The SDK must include the Matter stack (typically built on the open-source connectedhomeip repository).

  

  

  
  
  




  
  
Related Terms

  

  

    
    Bluetooth Mesh
    
    Thread
    
    Zigbee
    
  





  

  
  

  
  

  
  
  

    
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Our glossary covers 90+ BLE technical terms organized by category. Each term includes a definition, related terms, and links to relevant chips and guides.